Showing posts with label Self-Guided Walks. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Self-Guided Walks. Show all posts

Tuesday, 12 April 2016

Escape crowded beaches and take to the hills along the Italian Riviera



GIOVANNA DELL’ORTO, THE ASSOCIATED PRESS - April 27, 2010 - VERNAZZA, Italy


Catchy harmonica music wafts across the cafe umbrellas that line the minuscule harbour of this conch-shaped village, squeezed between vine-covered hills and the Mediterranean Sea.

Tourists sip aperitifs and enjoy the sunny cliches of the Cinque Terre, one of the most scenic (and overrun) stretches of the Italian coast. But today, sweat-drenched and a bit wobbly, I feel smugly that I am in on a secret: I have earned this gorgeous view because I hiked here, up and down a cliff-hugging sliver of a path that will take me several more strenuous kilometres by day's end.

There, the only tunes are cicadas above and pounding waves below. Bursts of purple bougainvillea and glimmers of silvery olive trees provide the splashes of colour. And, rather than sipping cocktails in a cafe, hungry hikers get to feast guilt-free on sublime seafood specialties at locals-only restaurants not far from the trails.

From a full-day hike linking five medieval villages to a leisurely stroll (called passeggiata by the locals) through one of Italy's largest botanical gardens, walking is the best way to experience this region of pine-splattered mountains plunging into the cobalt sea. Here are my four favourite walks in Liguria, going west to east along this arc-shaped slice of Italy, from the border with France to Tuscany's coast, along with recommendations for restaurants.

Giardini Hanbury (garden): In the late 19th century, Northern Europeans flocked to get health treatments at seaside resorts on the westernmost stretch of Liguria. One visitor, Thomas Hanbury, an Englishman who made a fortune in silk and tea trade from China, devoted a 18-hectare promontory to a collection of exotic plants, now managed by the University of Genoa.

The botanical garden on a terraced hillside is now home to 6,000 plant species and also offers wide views of the sea and horizon. A series of trails cascade from Hanbury's stately villa down to the sea, passing by a papyrus-fringed fountain, through a cypress-lined path and in between a wild assembly of plants ranging from azaleas to eucalyptus, from aloe to olive trees.

It might be the most genteel speck of Italian Riviera, nature exquisitely tamed and framed as a series of perfect backdrops. Another kind of nature - seafood, in the form of the prawn-and-squid fritto misto - is exquisitely framed at Ristorante Lilliput, on a hillside farther east along the coast, above the medieval hamlet of Noli.

Lungomare Europa (path): Pink-veined white boulders alternate with ink-black rocks in coves along the recently completed Lungomare Europa. The wide, 7.2-kilometre path was paved over an old railroad line between the small towns of Varazze and Cogoleto.

Wedged between hills studded with silver wattle trees and vacation homes, and a series of tiny pebbly beaches, the walk is the favourite off-season passeggiata for local families.

In summer, the blindingly white and black rocks form curtains between tiny coves that grant refuge from the teeming, deck chair-covered beaches at each end of the lungomare, which is accessible only by foot or bike.

At dusk, the salt air mingles with the smell of blooming pittosporum and wild fennel, not suntan lotion. While night falls, I like to be the last person on the still-warm pebbles as the sea playfully pulls and pushes them and the first boats venture out to fish for anchovies they attract with powerful spotlights.

Then I am on my way to eat at U Baracun near the hamlet of Alpicella, just inland from Varazze, which serves the best pansotti (herb-filled pasta in nut sauce) and cinghiale (wild boar roast) in Italy. Not that I would ever forgive myself if I passed on the dozen fresh antipasti, ranging from artichoke frittata to porcini crepes and homemade olive paste.

Punta Chiappa (trailhead and swimming spot): Punta Chiappa, the rocky point where the forest-covered Monte di Portofino meets the sea, is one of the best swimming spots on the Italian Riviera.

It's also a pool-size harbour if you want to cheat and come by boat; a long sliver of grey rocks jutting into deep water; and the end of a breathtaking 45-minute downhill trail.

With ample provisions of focaccia and water, I started from the church of San Rocco, high above the fishing town of Camogli and the departure point of many trails on the mountain, taking in the view encompassing the sprawling city of Genoa and the curving Riviera di Ponente, with the Maritime Alps at the horizon.

Making my way down toward the point, I passed fig orchards, terraces crawling with jasmine vines and bushes hiding hedgehogs. The goal was to stake a speck of rock with my beach towel and plunge with a refreshing splash in the sea.

The other goal was a meal on the open terrace of Da Drin restaurant, just above the mini-harbour. I first had its spaghetti al cartoccio, bursting with crayfish, mussels and calamari, a few years ago, and nearly didn't make it back up the trail. But last summer after stuffing myself, I was nimble enough to avoid the baby boars scurrying across the path in the dark.

Sentiero Azzurro (trail): This 14.5-kilometre "azure trail" links the five villages of Cinque Terre and provides a way to experience them as something other than a series of postcard views with a "for rent" sign in English in virtually every window.

The hardest and most rewarding stretch is from Monterosso to Vernazza and on to Corniglia. Climbing nearly 457 vertiginous metres up the dark-green hills, the unpaved, rocks-strewn trail meanders among olive trees, fragrant shrubs, and gnarled pines.

On a July weekend, I met only two kinds of fellow hikers: awestruck tourists who were more likely to say "hi" than "ciao," and taciturn Liguri tending the fantastically terraced vineyards that cling to the cliffs.

After passing through the main piazza of Vernazza, huddled between the church and a black castle tower, the trail takes off again on the cliffside unto Corniglia, perched high on a hilltop. Then it gets back to sea level and, at Manarola, becomes a wide, paved passeggiata known as the "Via dell'Amore" (the way of love) that ends in Riomaggiore, where the train takes you back to Monterosso.

Last stop, La Brinca restaurant, which serves up the vegetable-and-meat cuisine of inland Liguria, like springy lettuce wraps in hot bouillon. Only an arduous day on the trail can justify its gargantuan antipasto-to-dolce meal.

Beyond jaw-dropping views (and dishes), walking the trails of Liguria is to get right inside the poems of native son and Nobel Prize-winning poet Eugenio Montale. One of his most celebrated verses, "Meriggiare pallido e assorto," turns a stroll under the blinding sun on a pallid afternoon into a melancholy existential metaphor.

But there are sadder ways to live than, as Montale puts it, walking alongside a "scorching orchard wall" as "scales of sea pulsate far away among branches" on the Riviera's trails.

All walks are enjoyable year-round, best in late spring and early fall. Anyone in any shape can do the Giardini Hanbury, the Lungomare Europa and the Manarola-to-Riomaggiore part of the Cinque Terre hike; the rest are best for the moderately fit. The Hanbury gardens http://www.giardinihanbury.com - and the Sentiero Azzurro http://www.parconazionale5terre.it - charge a small admission fee.

36 Hours in the Cinque Terre

ARIEL FOXMAN - NewYork Times - August 5, 2007

WITH its miles and miles of breathtaking trails , the Cinque Terre along northern Italy's Riviera has long been a magnet for hikers. And while trekking through the five villages is certainly a backpacker's dream — each town is a unique destination carved rather amazingly into the steep terraced-vineyard coastline — that shouldn't preclude lesser jocks from heading to this wildly charming region. In fact, the only way to truly experience the sensory overload that this small area has to offer is by getting off those well-trodden paths. It's almost unfair how much intense beauty, great cuisine and amazing aromas are jampacked into such a compact space.


Friday
4 p.m.
1) GAIN SOME PERSPECTIVE
Before you start connecting your Cinque Terre dots, bouncing from one village to the next, take a 15-minute uphill trek through gorgeous vineyards, to the Santuario della Madonna di Montenero (entrance is a five-minute drive west of Due Gemelli, a hotel at Via Litoranea, 1; 39-0187-920-111). The storybook journey, replete with fragrant wildflowers and colorful butterflies, is topped with uninterrupted views that allow visitors to size up the region's entire 11-mile coastline from 1,100 feet above sea level. The sanctuary, an active church with a pink and yellow bell tower, is a spectacular example of the 14th-century buildings that put these small towns on the map.

5:30 p.m.
2) LOVERS' WALK
Drive down to Riomaggiore proper, park your car and head downhill to explore its marina. Then double back to the main drag and look for signs pointing to the village's biggest attraction: the Via dell'Amore, the first segment of the Sentiero Azzurro or the Blue Trail — a five-hour and somewhat challenging hiking trail that connects all five hamlets (5 euros for a daily pass). Connecting Riomaggiore and Manarola, this patch is just a leisurely stroll, offering a relatively flat coastal path that was carved into the mountain almost a century ago. The inspiring views and romantic nooks have earned it the nickname, the Path of Love. What will you really love? It's super easy.

7 p.m.
3) TASTE TEST
The tiny town of Manarola is a sight to behold: a confection of pastel houses that climb up the side of black cliff, next to the region's most productive vineyards. This small area is known for not one, but two specialty wines: Cinque Terre white, a dry, tangy blend of three different grapes, and sciacchetrà, a super-sweet late-harvest dessert wine generally reserved for special occasions. To create your own special occasion, grab a table at the lovely Marina Piccola (Via Lo Scalo, 16; 39-0187-920-923), next to the waterside hotel of the same name. Ask to sample a Manarola Cinque Terre and then compare it to one that's made from grapes blended from all five villages (8 to 12 euros for a half-bottle). While you're at it, order the Cinque Terre sciacchetrà, too.

8:30 p.m.
4) FAMILY-STYLE DINING
For a taste of a home cooking, head to Trattoria dal Billy (Via Rollandi, 122; 39-0187-920-628), a quaint three-story restaurant tucked into Manarola's lush mountainside. An enchanting climb through the village's mazelike alleyways leads to a set of garden terraces where you can sample local specialties like anchovies with salt or lemon, and taglierini with tomato, pecorino, pine nuts, baby shrimp, pepper and olive oil (both 8 euros). Sweeping vineyard and sea views abound.

Saturday
10 a.m.
5) SECRET BEACH
With three towns to hit in one day, take the quick regional train via the Spezia line (www.ferroviedellostato.it, 1 euro) to Corniglia, the smallest and most remote of the five villages. Forgo the 365-step climb to its tourist-filled center. Instead take the road much less traveled, to the clothing-optional private beach, Guvano, that only locals seem to know about. It's not easy to find: above and to the right of the train platform head down a narrow flight of stairs, follow a brick coastal wall and turn right, until you come to an industrial tunnel with a metal gate. Ring the bell to the left. Someone on the other end will buzz you in. Walk through the 10-minute-long path to a private vineyard overlooking two phenomenal beaches. Pay the gatekeeper 5 euros for your little slice of sunbathing heaven. Be sure to stock up on water and snacks at the train station; there are no concession shacks at the beach.

1:30 p.m.
6) SQUARE MEAL
Vernazza, the next village over, could certainly nab Miss Congeniality in a Cinque Terre pageant. Everything from its historical attractions and manageable size to its somewhat chic vibe make this port arguably the most agreeable of the five towns. From the train station, walk along Via Visconti, the town's bustling main street, until you reach its adorable main square. Have a leisurely lunch at Trattoria Gianni Franzi (Piazza G. Marconi, 1; 39-0187-821-003), a 45-year-old institution that still serves scrumptious dishes like ravioli with fish sauce (13 euros) or baked fish with potatoes (20 euros). Finish things off with a glass of limoncino (3.50 euros), Northern Italy's answer to limoncello, the lemon liqueur popular in the south.

3 p.m.
7) HIGHS AND BUYS
With a full belly and a slight buzz, you'll want to check out these sights in the following order: Santa Margherita d'Antiocha, a 1318 church built on sea rock with an odd facade that seems to turn its back on the piazza; the lookout towers of the 11th-century Castello Doria (1.50 euros) where you'll be rewarded with magnificent aerial views of the entire region; and La Cantina del Molo (Via Visconti, 27; 39-0187-812-302), a high-end enoteca that sells the most divine delicacies, along with wines from the owner's vineyards.

5:50 p.m.
8) SAIL AWAY
You've been stealing glimpses of the Mediterranean Sea since you've arrived; now it's time to seize it. Board the last ferry (www.navigazionegolfodeipoeti.it; 3.50 euros) to the westernmost and largest village, Monterosso al Mare (or Monterosso by the Sea), which, as its name suggests, is the sandiest and most resortlike of them all. Upon disembarking, hang a left toward Fegina beach and join the locals enjoying sunset aperitivos after a day in the sun. Top-notch wines and terrific bruschettas (6 euros), as well as fantastic promenade people watching, can be had at the outdoor wine bar and shop Enoteca 5 Terre di Sassarini Giancarlo (Via Fegina, 94; 39-0187-818-063).

8:30 p.m.
9) A MODERN FISH TALE
Traditional Ligurian cuisine, while entirely delectable, can also get repetitive. For something regional yet refreshing, head to L'Ancora della Tortuga (Salita Cappuccini, 6; 39-0187-800-065), a new spot housed in a converted bunker that was used during World War II. The contemporary kitchen specializes in fish dishes, including a seafood carpaccio with country vegetables (11 euros) and the daily catch served on grapevine leaves (12 euros). Be sure to reserve one of three tables that overlook the sea, or a spot on the upstairs terrace.

10:30 p.m.
10) BEACH PARTIES
You didn't come to the Cinque Terre to party, but if you're looking to keep the torch burning in Monterosso al Mare, you might be in luck. During the warmer months, day trippers and locals alike will stage beach parties along the Via Fegina. All are welcome. Or mix with the congenial crowds at one of the mellow, pub-style bars on Via Roma in the historical district.

Sunday
8:30 a.m.
11) DOUBLE DELIGHT
The sweet and savory goodness at Il Frantoio (Via Goberti, 1; 39-0187-818-333) should be enough of a reason to get you up before your alarm clock rings. Bring your euro coins to this unassuming alleyway shop and make a breakfast of its unique dolci castagnina — warm circular pastries baked with chestnuts, salt, milk, pine nuts and raisins (1.60 euros each). Be sure, too, to grab a selection of the superior focacce to go (1.50 euros a square). The varieties are endless, and they'll make for the perfect lunch at the beach later on.

11 a.m.
12) GET YOUR GLAM ON
Soak up the town's biggest selling point: it's Riviera-ness! Not far from the entrance up to Convento dei Cappuccini monastery, you'll find the Bagni Eden beach club (Via Fegina, 7-11; 39-0187-818-256), a postcardlike world of colorful chaise longues (with matching umbrellas), turquoise water and bronzed beauties playing Kadima paddle ball. For 16 euros you get the chaise longue, umbrella and use of the changing cabin. Pellegrino, focaccia and salty air never tasted so jet set, especially after all that hiking.

The Cinque Terre Hiking Pathway in Liguria Italy

The Cinque Terre are five villages are connected by a network of walking paths; starting at the south western town of Riomaggiore, and the continuing north east in order Manarola, Corniglia, Vernazza and finally Monterosso - that lie in a stretch of eighteen kilometers along the rocky and irregular coast of eastern Liguria. In 1999 this territory and the marine environment were declared a protected area.

The Cinque Terre has a very special charm and the scenery is spectacular and natural. Some of the towns are not the easiest place to reach, as only Riomaggiore and Monterosso are open to auto traffic. So the best mode to get to any of the towns is to arrive by train.
Riomaggiore is about 30 minutes from La Spezia and two and a half hours from Florence (Firenze). Monterosso is about one hour from Genova.
A good idea is to purchase a Cinque Terre Card, a pass that includes access to the paths and unlimited train trips between Riomaggiore and Monterosso. You can buy them at the La Spezia train station or at the information offices in Riomaggiore and Monterosso, near the train stops. You can get also get a walking map of the paths at the information office as there are many different paths and routes that you are able to hike in the Cinque Terre. During the summer months there is also a ferry boat which runs between the towns.

The Coast Route, known as “sentiero azzurro” (“blue path”), is the most popular, and it is this hike that we will focus on here. The path goes from Monterosso to Riomaggiore. Straight walking it will take you about five hours, but it is nice to spend a whole day, taking breaks to visit the villages and enjoy the sights.

You can start at either end but for this article we will start at Monterosso. This is the biggest of the five villages and it has a nice medieval centre.
There is a large sandy beach and if you walk along the promenade, you will reach the remnants of the castle of Monterosso. The coast route begins here: it goes up to the top of the promontory and then comes down again on the other side, towards Vernazza. There are wonderful dry-stone walls built in older times enclosing peoples vegetable and wine yards. The varied vegetation is a mix of Mediterranea, and the renowned lemons of Monterosso.
At an easy pace you will reach Vernazza in about two hours. From here the path goes up again and winds around the terraced hills. It takes another hour and a half to reach Corniglia. Most people will agree that the path between these three villages is the most beautiful part of the hike.
Corniglia is a good place to stop for some time. It differs from the other villages, as it is above the sea, on the top of a promontory. There are some nice cafes, where you can relax and enjoy the company of other hikers and local people alike.
The route from Corniglia continues along a long brick stairway, leading to sea level right next to the train station.
From here it is an easy walk to Manarola, on mostly flat ground along the beach. Manarola might be the most picturesque among the five villages. It has a quaint small harbour with some seafood restaurants.
Riomaggiore is twenty minutes away from Manarola and are connected by a wide pathway, with most of it carved in the cliff, Nicknamed the Road of Love, it is the last part of the hike. From here, you get a lovely view of the sea and the coastline.

Straight walking this hike of the Cinque Terre will take about five hours.

Here are the villages of the Cinque Terre as shown on Google Maps

A Free Walking Tour of the Ancient Roman Palatine Hill, Rome, Italy

The Palatine Hill is the centermost of the Seven Hills of Rome and is one of the most ancient parts of the city. It stands above the Forum Romanum, looking down upon it on one side, and upon the Circus Maximus on the other. According to Roman mythology, the Palatine Hill was the location of the Lupercal cave where Romulus and Remus, the founders of Rome, were found by the she-wolf that kept them alive.

Many affluent Romans of the Republican period had their residences on the hill but it was during the Empire (27 BC-319AD) that the Palatine Hill came into is own as the emperors resided there in the Flavian Palace. This palace, which was extended and modified by several emperors, extends across the entirety of the Palatine Hill and looks out over the Circus Maximus on one side and the Roman Forum on the other, was the primary residence of the Emperors for over 300 years. The English word “Palace” comes from “Palatium” the Latin name for the area.
Built by the Emperor Domitian, who ruled from 81-96 AD, The Flavian Palace is made up of several sections. The best preserved are the Domus Flavia, which was the greeting, reception and public palace of the Emperors, and the Domus Augustana which was the actual home of the Emperors.
Domus Augustana should not be confused with the nearby House of Augustus, which is believed to be the actual home of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus. All subsequent Roman emperors were called “Augustus”, a title that lasted for over 300 years, and thus the name is reflected in the designation of Domus Augustana.
The Domus Augustus was built down several stories into the hill on the south slope overlooking the Circus Maximus with a private balcony for which the Emperor could watch the chariot races. One of the benefits for its design is for the geothermal properties creating both, warmth in the winter and coolness in the summer months. Pools were located at the bottom of open-air stairwells to provided light to these lower levels. Currently you are unable to visit the lower levels.
The Palatine Hill Stadium formed part of Domus Augustana. The exact purpose of the Stadium is unknown, with some historians saying it was a private garden and others thinking it was a place for the emperors to exercise their horses.

The House of Livia, also known as Livia’s House or Livia’s Villa, was the home of the third wife of Augustus, the first emperor of the Roman Empire and the mother of its second emperor, Tiberius.
Set on the Palatine Hill, Ancient Rome’s most desirable location, the House of Livia is currently being excavated by the Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma and so is usually only accessible by prior appointment.
In January 2007 archeologists announced that they had probably found the legendary Lupercal cave beneath the remains of Augustus' residence on the Palatine, the Domus Livia. Archaeologists came across the 16-metre-deep cavity while working to restore the decaying palace. The first photos of the cave show a richly decorated vault encrusted with mosaics and seashells. The Lupercal is not currently open to tourists.

The House of Augustus, was the modest home of Ancient Rome’s first emperor Augustus and contains a vivid collection of frescos. Open to the public since 2008, the House of Augustus has been carefully restored and offers a fascinating insight into the life of Ancient Rome’s elite.

The Palatine Museum (Museo Palatino is located in between the two halves of the Flavian Palace, Domus Augustana and Domus Flavia and houses a collection of finds from the Palatine Hill, with artifacts dating back as far as the Middle Palaeolithic era, though the main exhibits at the Palatine Museum are that of Ancient Rome, particularly between the first and fourth centuries AD, when the Palatine Hill was the best address in the city and home to Rome’s emperors.

Forum Visitor Information
The Palatine Hill, and the Roman Forum beneath it, is now a large open-air museum and can be visited on the same ticket as the Colosseum.

Location: Main entrance on the Via dei Fori Imperiali, but there’s another at Via San Gregorio 30.
How to Get There: Colosseo Metro stop, bus lines 60, 75, 85, 87, 95, or 175
Admission Fee: €11 (This is a ticket that covers the Forum, the Colosseum, & Palatine Hill, and it’s good for 48 hours.)
Hours: Daily, 09:00-19:00 (or one hour before dark)

Thursday, 29 October 2015

The 14 Top Must See Sites of Paris



Paris, the capital of France, is busting with activity, sites and museums.  You can take to the streets on a bicycle, by foot, by metro or by bus.  Or you can simply relax at one of the numerous parks, café’s or restaurants.
Some of the most famous highlights as not to be missed they include:

  1. Musée du Louvre - This enormous building, constructed around 1200 as a fortress and rebuilt in the mid-16th century for use as a royal palace, began its career as a public museum in 1793. As part of Mitterand's grands projets in the 1980s, the Louvre was revamped with the addition of a 21m (67ft) glass pyramid entrance. Initially deemed a failure, the new design has since won over those who regard consistency as inexcusably boring. There are vast rooms full of paintings, sculptures and antiquities, including the Mona Lisa, Venus de Milo and Winged Victory (which looks like it's been dropped and put back together). Along with a new wing devoted to islamic art.  If the volume of art becomes unbearable, your best bet is to pick a period or section of the Louvre and pretend that the rest is somewhere across town.

  1. Catacombes - In the late 18th century, Paris decided it had a problem with its cemeteries, namely that they were full, if not overflowing. Faced with potential outbreaks of disease, not to mention aesthetic concerns, the city authorities decided to exhume the bones of the buried and relocate them in the tunnels of several disused quarries. The decision to do this was made in 1785 and led to the creation of the Catacombes. Visitors to this disturbing 'attraction' will find themselves 20m (65ft) underground, working their way along corridors stacked with bones. People over 60 can get in for free, which says a lot about the French sense of humour. The tunnels, which were used by the Résistance during WWII as a headquarters, are south of the Seine.

  1. Bois de Vincennes - Located at the eastern edge of Paris it is a wonderful location to visit with children.  It is a landscaped forest that has a chateau, a medieval keep, ornamental boating lakes and a zoo. It will keep you and the children entertained all day. Or a little closer to the city center is the Jardin du Luxembourg a garden where people go to relax and sail toy boats in the fountain. There is also a large enclosed children’s play area with swings, slides and climbing apparatus’.

  1. Centre Georges Pompidou - The Centre Georges Pompidou, displays and promotes modern and contemporary art. Built between 1972 and 1977, the hi-tech though daffy design, where the building seems to be “turned inside out”, has recently begun to age, prompting face-lifts and closures of many parts of the centre. Woven into this mêlée of renovation are several good (though pricey) galleries plus a free, three-tiered library with over 2000 periodicals, including English-language newspapers and magazines from around the world.

  1. Notre Dame - The city's cathedral ranks as one of the greatest achievements of Gothic architecture. Notre Dame was begun in 1163 and completed around 1345; the massive interior can accommodate over 6000 worshippers. Although Notre Dame is regarded as a sublime architectural achievement, there are all sorts of minor anomalies. These include a trio of main entrances that are each shaped differently, and which are accompanied by statues that were once coloured to make them more effective as Bible lessons. The interior is dominated by the spectacular and enormous Rose Windows, and a 7800-pipe organ that was recently restored but has not been working properly since. From the base of the north tower, visitors can climb to the top of the west façade and decide how much aesthetic pleasure they derive from looking out at the cathedral's many gargoyles - alternatively they can just enjoy the view of a decent swathe of Paris. Under the square in front of the cathedral, an archaeological crypt displays in situ the remains of structures from the Gallo-Roman and later periods.

  1. Sainte Chapelle - Lying inside the Palais de Justice (law courts), Sainte Chapelle was consecrated in 1248 and built to house what was reputedly Jesus' crown of thorns and other relics purchased by King Louis IX earlier in the 13th century. The gem-like chapel, illuminated by a veritable curtain of 13th-century stained glass (the oldest and finest in Paris), is best viewed from the law courts' main entrance - a magnificently gilded, 18th-century gate. Once past the airport-like security, you can wander around the long hallways of the Palais de Justice and, if you can find a court in session, observe the proceedings. Civil cases are heard in the morning, while criminal trials - usually reserved for larceny or that French specialty crimes passionnel - begin after lunch.

  1. Musée d'Orsay - Spectacularly housed in a former railway station built in 1900, the Musée d'Orsay was re-inaugurated in its present form in 1986. Inside is a trove of artistic treasures produced between 1848 and 1914, including highly regarded Impressionist and Post-impressionist works. Most of their paintings and sculptures are found on the ground floor and the skylight-lit upper level, while the middle level has some magnificent rooms showcasing the Art-Nouveau movement. 

  1. Musée Rodin - Located at the house where he lived and worked the museum displays the lively bronze and marble sculptures by Camille Claudel and Auguste Rodin, including casts of some of Rodin's most celebrated works. There's a shady sculpture garden out the back, one of Paris' treasured islands of calm.

  1. Eiffel Tower - This towering edifice was built for the World Fair of 1889, held to commemorate the centenary of the French Revolution. Named after its designer, Gustave Eiffel, it stands 320m (1050ft) high and held the record as the world's tallest structure until 1930. Initially opposed by the city's artistic and literary elite - who were only affirming their right to disagree with everything - the tower was almost torn down in 1909. Salvation came when it proved an ideal platform for the antennas needed for the new science of radiotelegraphy. When you're done peering upwards through the girders, you can visit any of the three public levels, which can be accessed by lift or stairs. Just south-east of the tower is a grassy expanse that was once the site of the world's first balloon flights.

  1. Avenue des Champs-Élysées - A popular promenade for the ostentatious aristos of old, the Avenue des Champs-Élysées has long symbolised the style and joie de vivre of Paris. Encroaching fast-food joints, car showrooms and cinemas have somewhat dulled the sheen, but the 2km (1mi) long, 70m (235ft) wide stretch is still an ideal place for evening walks and relishing the food at overpriced restaurants.

  1. Cimetière du Père Lachaise - Established in 1805, this necropolis attracts more visitors than any similar structure in the world. Within the manicured, evergreen enclosure are the tombs of over one million people including such luminaries as the composer Chopin; the writers Molière, Apollinaire, Oscar Wilde, Balzac, Marcel Proust and Gertrude Stein; the artists David, Delacroix, Pissarro, Seurat and Modigliani; the actors Sarah Bernhardt, Simone Signoret and Yves Montand; the singer Edith Piaf; and the dancer Isadora Duncan. The most visited tomb, however, is that of The Doors lead singer, Jim Morrison, who died in Paris in 1971. One hundred years earlier, the cemetery was the site of a fierce battle between Communard insurgents and government troops. The rebels were eventually rounded up against a wall and shot, and were buried where they fell in a mass grave.

  1. Place des Vosges - The Marais district spent a long time as a swamp and then as agricultural land, until in 1605 King Henry IV decided to transform it into a residential area for Parisian aristocrats. He did this by building Place des Vosges and arraying 36 symmetrical houses around its square perimeter. The houses, each with arcades on the ground floor, large dormer windows, and the requisite creepers on the walls, were initially built of brick but were subsequently constructed using timber with a plaster covering, which was then painted to look like brick. Duels, fought with strictly observed formality, were once staged in the elegant park in the middle. From 1832-48 Victor Hugo lived at a house at No 6, which has now been turned into a municipal museum. Today, the arcades around the place are occupied by expensive galleries and shops, and cafés filled with people drinking little cups of coffee and air-kissing immaculate passersby.

  1. Les Invalides  - This large complex takes its name from the fact that it was commissioned by Louis XIV to house many of his wounded and homeless soldiers.  At one time it was home to over 6,000 soldiers but now is better known for being the place of Napoleons tomb and the Musee de l’Armee.  The Musee is one of the most comprehensive museums of military history in the world, with exhibits ranging from the Stone Age to the Modern Age with uniforms, weapons and models of battles and fortifications.

  1. Musee Picasso - Located in the Marsais District it is the largest of the Picasso Museums in the world.  Housed in a 17th century building it holds many of the artists most inspired and seldom exhibited works from all of his periods, Blue, Pink and Cubist as well as over 3000 sketchbooks and sketchbooks.